The bathroom is a room in the house for personal hygiene activities, generally containing a sink (basin) and bathtub, shower, or both. It might also contain a toilet. In some countries, toilets are usually included in the bathroom, while other cultures consider this unhealthy or impractical, and provide space itself. The toilet may even be outdoors in case of a latrine. It may also be a matter of space available at home whether the toilet is included in the bathroom or not.
Historically, bathing is often a collective activity, occurring in public baths. In some countries social aspects of the same body cleansing are still important, such as with sento in Japan and "Turkish baths" (also known by other names) throughout the Islamic world.
In North American English the word "bathroom" can be used to mean a room containing a toilet, even a public toilet (although in the United States it is more commonly called a toilet and in a small Canadian room).
Video Bathroom
Variasi dan terminologi
The terms for places used to clean the body vary across the UK-speaking world, as well as the design of the room itself. The full bathroom is generally understood to contain a bath or shower (or both), a toilet, and a washbasin. Bathroom bathroom or ensuite bathroom is attached, and can only be accessed from, bedroom. The family bathroom , in British real estate terminology, is a full bathroom that is not attached to the bedroom, but with a door opening into the corridor. A Jack and Jill's Bathroom (or connected bathroom ) is located in between and is usually shared by the occupants of two separate bedrooms. It might also have two washbasins. A wetroom is a waterproof room normally equipped with a shower; it is designed to remove moisture damage and is compatible with under floor heating systems.
In the United States, there is a lack of a universal definition; this usually results in a difference between the number of showers advertised and the actual amount on the real estate list. The bathroom is generally categorized as a "master bathroom", which contains a shower and bath adjacent to the largest bedroom; "full bathroom" (or "full bath"), containing four plumbing fixtures: toilet and sink, and bathtub with shower, or separate bathtub and shower cubicle; "half (1/2) bath" (or "powder room") containing only toilet and washbasin; and "3/4 baths" that contain toilet, washbasin and shower, although the provisions vary from market to market. In some US markets, toilets, wash basins, and bathrooms are considered "complete baths." In addition, there is the use of the word "bathroom" to describe a room containing a toilet and basin, and nothing else.
Maps Bathroom
Design considerations
Items found in the bathroom
The bathrooms often have one or more towel bars or towel rings to hang towels. Some bathrooms contain medicine cabinets for personal hygiene products and medicines, and drawers or shelves to store towels and other items.
Some bathrooms contain a bidet, which may be placed next to the toilet.
Plumbing
The design of the bathroom should take into account the use of hot and cold water, in significant amounts, to cleanse the body. Water is also used to move solid and liquid human waste into sewers or septic tanks. Water may be doused on walls and floors, and hot humid air can cause condensation on cold surfaces. From a decoration standpoint, the bathroom presents a challenge. Ceilings, walls and flooring materials and covers should be waterproof and easy to clean. The use of ceramic or glass, as well as fine plastic materials, is common in the bathroom for easy cleaning. Such surfaces are often cold to the touch, however, and so waterproof bath mats or even bathroom rugs can be used on the floor to make the room more comfortable. Alternatively, the floor may be heated, perhaps by placing a resistive electrical base strategically under floor tiles or hot water pipes close to the bottom surface of the floor.
Electricity
Electrical appliances, such as lamps, heaters, and heated towel rails, generally need to be installed as fixtures, with permanent connections rather than plugs and sockets. This minimizes the risk of electric shock. Circuit circuitry electrical faults of sockets can reduce the risk of electric shock, and are required for the installation of bathroom sockets with electricity and building codes in the United States and Canada. In some countries, such as the UK, only special sockets suitable for electric shaver and electric toothbrush are allowed in the bathroom, and are labeled as such. UK building regulations also specify the types of electrical equipment, such as light fixtures (ie how water-/spark-proof) can be installed in the (zone) area around and above baths, and rain. Contrary to some of the information provided with bathroom light fixtures, the sink and sink did not affect the bathroom zone, because the bathroom was solely defined as a room containing a bath or shower, by cable regulations. However, it is a good practice to avoid installing unsuitable fixtures near the sink, as damage from water splashes may occur.
Exposure
Bathroom lighting should be uniform, bright and should minimize glare. For all activities such as shaving, showering, grooming etc. One should ensure fair lighting throughout the bathroom space. The mirror area should have at least two light sources at least 1 foot to remove the shadow on the face. Skin color and hair color highlighted with a yellow light. Ceiling and wall lights should be safe for use in the bathroom (electrical parts need splat evidences) and should therefore carry the appropriate certification such as IP44.
All forms of bathroom lighting should be provided with IP44 for safe use in the bathroom.
History
The first note for the use of bath dates back as far as 3000 B.C. At present water has a strong religious value, which is seen as a purifying element for the body and soul, and so it is not uncommon for people to clean themselves before entering the sacred area. Baths were recorded as part of village or city life during this period, with a split between steam baths in Europe and America and cold showers in Asia. Communal baths are set up in distinctly separate areas to residence in the village.
Almost all of the hundreds of excavated homes have their own bathrooms. Generally located on the ground floor, the bathtub is made of brick, sometimes with sidewalks around it to be occupied. Water flowed through holes in the floor, falling tubes or pottery pipes on the walls, to the city's drainage system. Even meticulous Egyptians rarely have a special bathroom.
Greek and Roman Baths
The Roman attitude towards the bath is well documented; they built a large thermal bath ( thermae ), marking not only important social developments, but also providing a common source of relaxation and rejuvenation. Here is a place where people can meet to discuss things that day and enjoy the entertainment. During this period there was a distinction between private and public baths, with many wealthy families having their own hot springs in their homes. Nevertheless they still use public baths, showing the value they have as a public institution. The power of the Roman Empire says in this respect; imports from all over the world allow the citizens of Rome to enjoy ointments, incense, combs, and mirrors. The partially reconstructed ruins can still be seen today, for example at Thermae Bath Spa in Bath, England, which is part of Roman Britain.
Not all ancient baths are in the style of large pools that often appear when one imagines a Roman bath; the earliest surviving bathtub dates back to 1700 BC, and comes from the Knossos Palace in Crete. What's remarkable about this tub is not just a resemblance to today's baths, but also the way in which the pipe works around it differs very little from modern models. Prehistoric systems (15th century BC and before) which are more advanced than baths and pipes can be found in the excavated city of Akrotiri, on the Aegean island of Santorini (Thera). There, alabaster tubs and other toiletries were found, along with sophisticated twin pipes to carry hot and cold water separately. This may be due to easy access to geothermic hot springs on this volcanic island.
Both the Greeks and Romans recognized the value of bathing as an important part of their lifestyle. Authors like Homer have their heroes bathe in warm water so regain their strength; it may be important that the Achilles mother bathe him to get his invincibility. The palace has been found throughout Greece with an area dedicated to bathing, a room with a tiled bath tub, as well as a sophisticated drainage system. Homer using the word ??????, loetrÃÆ'¡ , "bath", later ??????, loutrÃÆ'¡ , from the verb ???? ??, loÃÆ'ºein , to take a bath. The same root finds previous validation on Linear B tablets, in the name of the River Lousios ("bath" [river]), in Arcadia. The public baths are mentioned by comedian Aristophanes as ????????, balaneÃÆ'a (sung: ????????, balaneÃÆ'on , in Latin as < i> balneum , a "balneary").
Recently
Throughout the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries, the use of public baths gradually declined in the west, and private spaces were favored, thus laying the foundations for bathrooms, as would be the case, in the 20th century. However, increased urbanization led to the creation of more baths and wash houses in the UK.
In Japan share a bath in sento and onsen (spa) is still there, the latter being very popular.
Cultural historian Barbara Penner has written about the ambiguous nature of the bathroom as the most private and connected space with the wider world.
Gallery
References
External links
- Media related to Bathroom on Wikimedia Commons
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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