Waterproof fabrics are fabrics that are inherently, or have been treated to, resistant to penetration by water and wetting. The term "waterproof" refers to conformity with the specifications governing and the specific conditions of the laboratory test method. They are usually natural or synthetic fabrics that are laminated or coated with waterproofing materials such as rubber, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyurethane (PU), silicone elastomers, fluoropolymers, and waxes. Treatment may be fabric during manufacture or finished product after manufacture, for example with a waterproof spray. Examples include rubber fabrics used in Mackintosh jackets, sauna suits, and inflatable boats.
The most common waterproofing treatment in the early 2000s was the application of fluorocarbon-based textiles that had been completed during manufacture. However, environmental and health issues lead to a transition to C6-based fluorocarbon finish and the development of alternative chemistry, such as ChemStik technology, a solvent-free process involving polymerization of hydrocarbon chain surfaces.
Video Waterproof fabric
Definitions and specifications
Waterproof/breathable cloth retains passing liquid water, but let the water vapor flow. Their ability to block rain and snow while allowing steam from sweat to evaporate leads to its use in raincoats, waterproof outdoor sportswear, tents, and other applications.
The standard laboratory testing protocol determines the performance of these fabrics. Water resistance is measured by the amount of water, in mm, which can be suspended on the cloth before water seeps. Breathability or vapor steam transmission rate is measured at the rate at which moisture passes, in grams of water vapor per square meter of fabric per 24-hour period (g/m 2 /d), often shortened to "g ". In recent years some, but not all, sporting goods manufacturers have begun putting this information on their product labels. Typical mid-range fabrics tend to have a water resistance rating of 5,000 mm and breathing power of 5000 Âμg; the best material has 20,000 mm and 20,000 g.
One particular definition of "waterproof/breathable" requires a cloth to withstand the pressure of more than 1,000 millimeters of water (9.8 kPa) of leakless pressure (see hydrostatic head).
These values ​​must be taken with some warnings. The rainfall test shows that some fabrics with water resistance of less than 1,000 mm maintain enough water for practical purposes. Garments made from fabric tested in the Leeds University Rain Room showed no signs of leak after 4 hours of simulated rain five times heavier than heavy rain. However, some clothing made of fabric that exceeds 20,000 mm has leaked through zippers, hoods, and stitches. The head rating of the fabric does not fully determine the garment's water resistance, as it does not test closure like a zipper. In addition, the breathability of almost all waterproof/breathable fabrics is highly dependent on weather conditions, especially temperature, humidity and wind.
Maps Waterproof fabric
Directional fabric
The construction of fabric that directs water away from the body, not membranes, coatings or laminates, can be used to keep the wearer dry. This means that sweat can be moved away from the body more effectively, because both liquid water and water vapor can be directed. These are directional fabrics like Nikwax Analogy and FurTech, which also breathe in the conventional sense (though these examples are actually a combination of two different fabrics, a directional "pump" layer under a different windproof and waterproof outer layer, and while effectively completely waterproof against rain they will fail a strict hydrostatic head test as provided in the above definition).
In combination with thermal insulation
Garments that incorporate waterproofing with some thermal insulation, such as those manufactured by FurTech and Nikwax Analogy, withstand the cold connections, heat is transferred through a layer of poor thermal insulation material in close contact that will be prevented by small air space. When there is a cold link, the steam on the dry side can condense on a cold surface, making it appear that the leaky waterproof fabric has leaked.
See also
- Durable waterproof
- Layered clothing
- Sauna dress
- Water resistant
- Hipora
- Gore-Tex
- Ventile
- Nikwax analogy
- D'decor
References
External links
- "Breathability" comparison of leather outerwear of commercial outerwear, Phil Gibson, 2000, Material Science Team, Center for US Army Soldiers System
- Water Resistant vs. Water Resistance - What's the Difference? Allthingswaterproof.com Articles 2016
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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