Lemongrass oil is an essential oil obtained from leaves and stems of various species Cymbopogon (lemongrass). This oil is widely used as a source of perfume chemicals such as citronellal, citronellol, and geraniol. These chemicals are widely used in the soap industry, candles and incense, perfumes, cosmetics, and flavorings worldwide. Lemongrass oil is also a plant-based insect repellent and has been registered for this use in the United States since 1948. The US Environmental Protection Agency considers citronella oil as a biopesticide by non-toxic action.
Lemongrass oil has strong antifungal properties, and is effective in soothing barking dogs.
Video Citronella oil
Type
Lemongrass oil is grouped into trade into two chemotypes:
Type ceylon
- CAS: 89998-15-2
- CAS: 8000-29-1
- EINECS: 289-753-6
- FEMA: 2308
- CoE: 39
- Retrieved from: Cymbopogon nardus Rendle
- Consists of geraniol (18-20%), limonene (9-11%), methyl isoeugenol (7-11%), citronellol (6-8%), and citronellal (5-15%).
Java Type
- CAS: 91771-61-8
- CAS: 8000-29-1
- EINECS: 294-954-7
- FEMA: 2308
- CoE: 2046
- Retrieved from: Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt
- Consists of citronellal (32-45%), geraniol (11-13%), geranyl acetate (3-8%), limonene (1-4%). â € <â € <
- A higher proportion of geraniol and citronellal in Java types makes it a better source for fragrance derivatives.
Both types may come from Mana Grass of Sri Lanka, which according to Finnemore (1962) occurs today in two wild forms - Cymbopogon nardus var. linnae (typicus) and C. nardus var. confertiflorus . No known wild forms are used for distillation to some extent.
The citronella oil of the Cymbopogon species should not be confused with other similar lemon oils from Corymbia citriodora and Pelargonium citrosum .
Maps Citronella oil
Health question
The direct application of citronella oil has been found to increase the heart rate of some people. Canadian health prohibits the use of oil as a mosquito repellent in 2012 but then lifted the ban in February 2015.
World production
Currently, the annual production of citronella oil is around 4,000 tons. Major producers are China and Indonesia - generating 40 percent of the world's supply. This oil is also produced in Taiwan, Guatemala, Honduras, Brazil, Sri Lanka, India, Argentina, Ecuador, Jamaica, Madagascar, Mexico, and South Africa.
The market for natural citronella oil has been eroded by chemicals synthesized from turpentine originating from conifers. However, natural citronella oil and its derivatives are preferred by the perfume industry.
Use as repellent
Lemongrass oil is popular as a natural mosquito coil. The quality of the mosquito repellent has been verified by the study, including the effectiveness of repelling Aedes aegypti (dengue mosquitoes). To be effective, most citronella preservative formulas need to be re-applied to the skin every 30-60 minutes.
Studies have also shown that citronella oil is an effective repellent agent for body lice, hair lice, and flies that are stable. A study conducted by ARPA in 1963 determined that hydroxycitronellal was an effective repellent against water and land leeches.
The US Environmental Protection Agency states that citronella oil has little or no toxicity when used as a topical insect repellent, without reports of adverse effects of concern over a 60 year period. Some products are applied to human skin, so EPA requires proper preventative labeling to help ensure safe use. If used in accordance with labeling instructions in the US, lemongrass is not expected to pose a health risk to people, including children and other sensitive populations. US & amp; The Drug Administration considers lemongrass oil generally recognized as safe (GRAS).
Canada's regulatory concerns with citronella as a mosquito coil are based primarily on data gaps in toxicology, not on incidents.
In the European Union, the Ceylon-type lemongrass oil is placed on the category 3 list, with some safety concerns about methyl eugenol. In Britain, European Union law regulating insect repellence came into effect in September 2006, which prohibits aromatherapy as an active ingredient in insect repellent products. This is applied to mosquito repellent for humans and other animals. It can still be sold as perfume, but it should not be sold as a mosquito coil.
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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