Ketoprofen , (RS) -2- (3-benzoylphenyl) -propionic acid (chemical formula C 16 H 14 O 3 ) is one of the propionic acid classes of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) with analgesic and antipyretic effects. It acts by inhibiting prostaglandin production in the body.
By 2015, the cost for a typical month of treatment in the United States is 50 to 100 USD.
Video Ketoprofen
Medical use
Ketoprofen is commonly prescribed for arthritis-related arthritis pain or severe toothache resulting in inflammation of the gums.
The topical patch of ketoprofen is used for the treatment of musculoskeletal pain.
Ketoprofen may also be used for the treatment of some pain, especially nerve pain such as sciatica, postherpetic neuralgia and pain referred for radiculopathy, in the form of creams, ointments, liquids, sprays, or gels, which can also contain ketamine and lidocaine, (eg, cyclobenzaprine, amitriptyline, acyclovir, gabapentin, orphenadrine and other drugs used as NSAIDs or adjuvant, atypical or potentiators for the treatment of pain.
Benefits
A systematic review showed "The effectiveness of ketoprofen administered orally in reducing moderate-severe pain and improved functional status and general condition was significantly better than ibuprofen and/or diclofenac." A Cochrane systematic review that investigated ketoprofen as a single-mouth dose of acute postoperative pain, moderate to severe concluded that its efficacy was equivalent to drugs such as ibuprofen and diclofenac.
There is evidence for the topic of ketoprofen for osteoarthritis but not other chronic musculoskeletal pain.
Maps Ketoprofen
Interactions
Ketoprofen should not be used in combination with other NSAIDs or corticosteroids, as this increases the risk of gastrointestinal ulceration (GI). It should also be used with caution with other anticoagulants. Usually used with omeprazole, sucralfate, and cimetidine to help protect the digestive tract.
Mechanism
Patches have been shown to provide rapid and continuous delivery to the underlying tissue without significantly increasing blood concentrations of the drug when compared to traditional oral administration. Ketoprofen undergoes liver metabolism by conjugation with glucuronic acid, CYP3A4 and CYP2C9 benzoyl ring hydroxylation, and reduction of keto function. Ketoprofen is used for its antipyretic, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory properties by inhibiting the reversible enzyme cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 (COX-1 and COX-2), which decreases the production of pro-inflammatory prostaglandin precursors.
Available form
Ketoprofen is available over-the-counter in the United States in tablet form coated 12.5 mg (Orudis KT and Actron), but this form has been discontinued. It is available with prescription capsules.
Ketoprofen is also available as a 2.5% gel for topical applications, and is also available as a patch for topical analgesia and anti-inflammatory action. However, the gel is not sold in the United States.
The brand names in Australia are Orudis and Oruvail. It is available in Japan in the transdermal Mohuss Tape patch, made by Hisamitsu Pharmaceutical. It is available in England as Ketoflam and Oruvail, in Ireland as Fastum Gel, in Estonia as Keto, Ketonal, and Fastum Gel, in Finland as Ketorin, Keto, Ketomex, and Orudis; in France as Profà © nid, Bi-Profà © nid and Ketum; in Italy as Ketodol, Fastum Gel, Lasonil, Orudis and Oki; in Poland, Serbia, Slovenia, and Croatia as Knavon and Ketonal; in Romania as Ketonal and Fastum Gel; in Mexico as Arthril; in Norway as Zon and Orudis; in Russia as ??? (OKI), Fastum Gel and Ketonal; in Spain as Actron and Fastum Gel; and in Venezuela as Ketoprofeno under 100 mg injection and 150 mg capsule.
In Lithuania, ketoprofen is called Ketoprofenum and Ketoprofenas. For topical applications: brand names are Fastum with 2.5% (gel) sold freely, and Ketospray with 10% (liquid spray), which should be prescribed. In Switzerland, innovative ketoprofen formulations based on transfer technology for immediate application on the skin above the site to be treated have been approved.
In some countries, pure optical ( S ) - enantiomer (dexketoprofen) is available; Its trometamol salts are said to be very rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, having a rapid onset effect.
The earliest reports of human therapeutic use were in 1972.
Veterinary
Ketoprofen is a common NSAID, antipyretic, and analgesic used on horses and other horses. It is most commonly used for musculoskeletal pain, joint problems, and soft-tissue injury, as well as laminitis. It is also used to control fever and prevent endotoxemia. It is also used as a mild painkiller in smaller animals, generally following surgical procedures.
In horses, given at a dose of 2.2 mg/kg/day. Studies have shown that it does not inhibit 5-lipoxygenase and leukotriene B4, as previously claimed. It is therefore not considered superior to phenylbutazone as previously believed, although clinical signs of inequality decrease with its use. In fact, phenylbutazone is shown to be superior to ketoprofen in cases of experimental induced synovitis when both drugs are used in labeled doses.
Administration
Ketoprofen, when given intravenously, is recommended for maximum use of five days. The analgesic and antipyretic effects begin to occur one to two hours after administration. The most common dose is 1 mg/lb, once per day, although this dose can be lowered for a pony, which is most susceptible to the side-effects of NSAIDs. It is also available as a capsule and tablet form.
Ecological issues
Experiments have found ketoprofen, like diclofenac, is an animal drug that causes deadly effects on red-headed birds. The eating vulture on a recently treated carcass has acute renal failure within days of exposure.
See also
- Piketoprofen, ketoprofen amide
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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