Lidocaine/prilocaine is a eutectic mixture of equal amount (by weight) of lidocaine and prilocaine. 5% emulsion preparation, containing 2.5% of each lidocaine/prilocaine, marketed by APP Pharmaceuticals under the trade name EMLA (abbreviation for Eutectic Mixture of Local Anesthetics ).
Video Lidocaine/prilocaine
Campuran eutektik
Separately, lidocaine and prilocaine are solid bases. When mixed in an amount equal to weight, however, they form a eutectic mixture - ie the melting point of the mixture is lower than the melting point of the individual components. The lidocaine/prilocaine eutectic mixture is an oil with a melting point of 18 Â ° C, known as emla cream that can be formulated into a preparation without the use of a non-aqueous solvent. This allows higher concentrations of anesthesia to be formulated into preparation and maintained during application.
Maps Lidocaine/prilocaine
Clinical use
Indication
A combination of lidocaine/prilocaine is indicated for skin anesthesia. Particularly applied to prevent pain associated with insertion of intravenous catheters, blood sampling, superficial surgical procedures; and topical anesthesia of the foot ulcer for cleaning or debridement. Also, it can be used to turn off the skin before tattooing as well as electrolysis and laser hair removal. Sometimes it is also used before local anesthetic injection for minor surgery and biopsy.
Topical sprays consisting of aerosol formulations of lidocaine and prilocaine are evaluated under the name PSD502 for use in treating premature ejaculation. Sprays applied to the skin of the penis before intercourse. Although this formulation is not FDA approved, a similar product, Promescent, is available without a prescription in the US.
Dosage form
The eutectic mixture of lidocaine/prilocaine is marketed as a 5% oil-in-water emulsion incorporated in a cream base (EMLA cream) or disk cellulose (EMLA patch). This cream is applied under an occlusive dressing, while patches combine occlusive dressings to facilitate the absorption of lidocaine and prilocaine to areas where anesthesia is required. Local dermal anesthesia is achieved after about 60 minutes, in which the occlusive dressing (or patch) is removed. The duration of anesthesia is approximately two hours after removal of the occlusive cover.
It is important to note that E. Fougera & amp; Co., a generic cream maker widely used in the United States as Lidocaine and Prilocaine Cream, 2.5%/2.5%, recommends different times for cream applications as well as long anesthesia. They claimed the cream should be applied at least an hour before the start of routine procedures and for two hours before the start of a painful procedure. In addition, they stated that the duration of effective skin anesthesia would be at least one hour after the removal of the occlusive dressing.
Circumcision
The eutectic mixtures of lidocaine/prilocaine are used during circumcision in newborns and have been considered to be nourishing and safe to reduce the pain of circumcision.
The European Medicines Agency concluded in a recent statement (2014) on Emla: "The safety and efficacy for the use of EMLA in genital skin and genital mucosa has not been established in children younger than 12. Available pediatric data do not show sufficient efficacy for circumcision. "
Compendium status
- United States Pharmacopeia 31
See also
- Dosage form
- Eutectic Point
- Lidocaine
- Prilocaine
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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